This study examines ideas of Taliban governing a medieval state,analyzing peace negotiations and Political reconciliation in Afghanistan.Taliban,a movement without understanding the world they shaped their government according to their will.They ruled most of Afghanistan.Their approaches to the 21-century government institutions and maintaining weak ties to the outside world.This thesis will also have at some focal point on peace and western democracy,their thinking and originality.Further Taliban radical values of past and violent strategy against ordinary people will be under focus too and why they were marginalized in the year 2001.The Taliban has challenged Afghan state with outside support on multiple fronts.However,the exclusive responsibility comes under Afghan government to settle negotiations with the movement.The talks shall be intra-Afghan to lead into peace.As the movement severely challenges the Afghan government Institutions,while the security forces of the Afghan government is much equipped as compare to the previous years.The ideology and rhetoric of Taliban captured people’s heart and mind at the remote areas of the country.This thesis will also discuss Afghan state building.To understand better the case,I have implemented both critical theory and constructivism theory of International relations while conducting my research.This thesis gives a helpful insight for students,policymakers,and academicians in the fields related to Taliban issue and state building of Afghanistan.