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本文采用世界投入产出数据库(WIOD)1999-2011年中国35部门投入产出数据分别计算以我国为本位的实物外包与服务外包,结果表明我国制造业行业外包水平不高,且实物外包率高于服务外包率。通过面板数据研究发现:不同形式外包对生产率均产生正向影响,服务外包的影响系数约为实物外包的3.8倍。进一步探究外包生产率效应在不同承接国和行业性质中的差异,实证结果概括为两点:一是对OECD国家的实物外包存在正效应,而对非OECD国家的服务外包正效应更为显著;二是实物外包的正向影响在大规模和盈利能力强的行业中更加突显,而服务外包对生产率的促进作用在小规模和盈利能力弱行业强于实物外包。
In this paper, we use the input-output database (WIOD) of China from 1999 to 2011 to calculate outsourcing and service outsourcing based on China’s 35 sectors respectively. The result shows that the outsourcing level of China’s manufacturing industry is not high, and the in-kind outsourcing rate is high In the service outsourcing rate. The panel data shows that: Different forms of outsourcing have a positive impact on productivity, and service outsourcing has an impact coefficient of about 3.8 times that of in-kind outsourcing. To further explore the differences in the effects of outsourcing productivity in different receiving countries and industries, the empirical results are summarized as two points: firstly, there is a positive effect on the outsourcing of OECD countries and more on outsourcing in non-OECD countries; The positive impact of physical outsourcing is more prominent in the large-scale and profitable industries, and the promoting role of service outsourcing in productivity is stronger than in-kind outsourcing in small-scale and weak profit-earning industries.