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姜科豆蔻属植物(Amomum),约150余种,分布于亚洲、大洋洲的热带地区。本属植物大多可作药用或香料,具有健胃消食,祛风止痛之功效。为了进一步在豆蔻属中寻找具有生物活性、结构新颖的天然产物,本论文对姜科豆蔻属药用植物九翅豆蔻(Amomum maximum Roxb.)进行了较为系统的化学成分研究。本论文由两章组成,第一章对九翅豆蔻进行了化学成分研究。运用各种分离纯化手段(包括硅胶柱色谱、ODS色谱、Sephadex LH-20色谱、制备高效液相等方法),结合多种波谱分析技术(包括核磁、质谱、旋光),对九翅豆蔻枝干的甲醇提取液进行了分离,分离鉴定了42个化合物。化合物结构类型主要涉及二萜,三萜,双苯庚烷,黄酮,苯丙素等。它们分别鉴定为:amaximum A(1),amaximum B(2),amaximum C(3),(2E)-3-phenyl-1-[3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-7-hydroxy-9-methoxy-2-met hyl-5-(1-methylethylidene)-2,6-methano-2H-1-benzoxocin-8-yl](4),amaximum D(5),amaximu E(6),(2E)-1-[5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4-methyl-3-penten-1-yl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl]-3-phenyl(7),(2E)-1-[5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4-methyl-3-penten-1-yl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)(8),amoma x D(9),3(2H)-phenanthrenone(10),amoxanthin A(11),coronarin D methyl ether(12),16-kaurene-3b,15b,18-triol(13),amomaxi A(14),amomaxi B(15),(E)-1-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-phenyl-6-hepten-3-one(16),(3S)-7-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-l-phenyl-(6E)-6-hepten-3-ol(17),(3S)-7-(4methoxyphenyl)-l-phenyl-(6E)-6-hepten-3-ol(18),(1α,2β,5β)1,5-epoxy-2-dihydroxy-1,7-diphenylhept-heptane(19),(1α,2β,5α)1,5-epoxy-2-dihydroxy-1,7-diphenylhept-heptane(20),(E)-1,7-diphenyl-6-hepten-3-o ne(21),(R,E)-1,7-diphenyl-6-hepten-3-ol(22),(3S)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-phenyl-(6E)-6-hepten-3-ol(23),(3R)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-(6E)-6-hepten-3-ol(24),(3S,5S)-alpinikatin(25),4-methoxy-6-(4-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-[1,1?-biphenyl]-2-yl)-2H-pyran-2-one(26),5,6-dehydrokawain(27),aniba dimer A(28),21,22-epoxy-3,20-dihydroxy-7-tirucallene(29),2?,4?,6?-trihydroxy-4-m ethoxychalcone(30),3,5,7-dihydroxyl-4?-methoxyl flavonol(31),3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy(32),isokaempferide(33),kamatakenin(34),(S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenylchroman-4-one(35)5,7-dimethoxyflavanone(36),dihydrotectochrysin(37),(E)-4-acetoxycinnamyl(38),(E)-3-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-ol(39),(E)-p-coumaryl alcohol(40),(R)-4-(1-acetoxyallyl)phenyl acetate(41),3-hydroxy-p-anisaldehyde(42)。其中,14个化合物(1-3,5-6,9,14-20,26)为新化合物,其余化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。第二章对近20年来豆蔻属植物的化学成分和生物活性研究的报道进行了总结。