Self-awareness is that people learn their deficiency and realize the need of pursuing precursors actively and hard. In modern times, the awareness of unexpected development, social consciousness and historical consciousness of ideologists and historians are strong under the condition of the poverty and weakness of our country. They usually contemplate problems at the head of historical trend and pay close attention to the fate and future of our country, people and society. Liang Qichao is a historian with the most historical consciousness. Based on this, he became the motive of history revolution at the era of crisis of late Qing dynasty, showing a kind of social responsibility, awareness of unexpected development and spirit of play as a scholar. Liang Qichao focus on historical research and created a great number of historical works, including Narrate of Chinese History, The New History, Methodology in the Study of Chinese History, Method supplement of Chinese history. His historical consciousness came from the influence of Japanese academic and European academic. With age increasing, there is a process from extreme to rationality as for his criticism and conclusion of traditional history. In his early age, he was rather extreme, presenting some new ideas of practicability of history, social function, historical theory, scope of history, historical epistemology and the basic situation of Chinese history. It is not objective to completely negate the Chinese traditional historiography, which had great relationship with political situation in late Qing dynasty and his own political ideal. As growing older, he was gradually rational, evaluating Chinese traditional historiography fairly, affirming its achievements and the role it played. He pointed out the deficiency of traditional historiography and the direction of improvement. The change of Liang Qichao’s attitude is because of the variation of his circumstance, deeper understand of western historiography and his confidence of Chinese traditional culture. He suggested that the old historiography had deficits and needed new exploration and construction at the base of rational analysis. In the aspect of historical idea, history revolution in the early stage turned to history transform in the later period. In the aspect of genre, he focused on the construction of general history and specialized history. In the aspect of content, he was opposed to monarch history, national history and advocated people history, advocated integration in view and horizon.