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铁破锣[Beesia calthaefolia(Maxim.)Ulbr.l系毛莨科铁破锣属(Beesia)植物;广泛分布于我国云南西北部,四川、贵州、广西北部,湖南、湖北西部和陕西、甘肃南部,是一种民间常用草药,也是我国特有的药用植物。其根茎或全草药用,具有清热解毒,凉血,活血,消肿,镇痛,散风寒的功效;民间用来治疗风寒感冒,风湿关节痛,红白痢疾,咽喉肿疼,头痛,牙痛等病,外敷治疗疮疖和毒蛇咬伤。为了探讨其生理活性成分,为合理用药提供科学依据,我们对其化学成分进行了系统的研究。 利用多种吸附材料和分离方法对贵州产铁破锣全草和甘肃产铁破锣根茎的乙醇提取物进行了卓有成效的分离工作,共分离得到四十个化合物,并通过经典的化学方法和各种先进的波谱学技术(包括IR,UV,1HNMR,13CNMR,DEPT,1H-1HCOSY,13C-1HCOSY,HMQC,HMBC,TOCSY,HMQC-TOCSY NOESY EI-MS,FAB-MS和ESI-MS),鉴定了其中三十三个化合物,已鉴定的化合物中,有18个为新化合物,12个系首次从该植物中分离得到。 新化合物包括16个环菠萝蜜烷型三萜皂甙、—个齐墩果酸型三萜皂甙和—个有机酸,分别命名为:铁破锣皂甙A[Bc-11,20ε1-24ε2-epoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3β,16β,18,25-tetraol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside],铁破锣皂甙B[BC-12,(20S*-24R*)-epoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3β,12β,16β,25-tetraol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside];铁破锣皂甙C[BC-10,(20S*,24R*)-16β-acetoxy-20,24-epoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3β,12β,25-triol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside];铁破锣皂甙D[BC-14,(20S*,24R*)-epoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3β,12β,16β,18,25-pentaol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside];铁破锣皂甙E[BC-15,20ε1-24ε2-epoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3β,12α,16β,18,25-pentaol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside];铁破锣皂甙F[BC-13,(20S*,24R*)-16β-acetoxy-20,24-epoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3β,12α,18,25-tetraol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside];铁破锣皂甙G[BC-16,20ε1-24ε2-epoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3β,15α,16β,18,25-pentaol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside];铁破锣皂甙H[gbc-23,(20S,24R)-15α,16β-diacetoxy-20,24-epoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3β,18,25-triol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside];铁破锣皂甙Ia[gbc-22,(20S,24S)-16β-acetoxy-18,24;20,24-diepoxy-9,19-cyclanostane-3β,15β,25-triol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside];铁破锣皂甙J[gbc-20,(20S,24S)-16β-acetoxy-18,24;20,24-diepoxy-9,19-cyclanostane-3β,25-diol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside];铁破锣皂甙K[gbc-18,(20S,24S)-15α-acetoxy-16β,24;20,24-diepoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3β,25-diol-3-O-β-D-xyiopyranoside];铁破锣皂甙L[gbc-19,15α-acetoxy-20ε1-24ε2-epoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3β,16β,25-triol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside];铁破锣皂甙M[gbc-26,(20S,24R)-15α-acetoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-