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乾嘉以沈德潜为代表的格调诗派是传统儒家诗论的集大成,它的出现并不是建立在创作的实绩上,而是权力渗透的结果。对程朱理学的不满、假理学的泛滥及对诗歌的爱好使得乾隆改变了前辈在文化政策上独尊理学的做法,推崇经史及诗文。沈德潜的诗论具有浓厚的说教色彩,因文见道的诗学与乾隆的文化政策相吻,沈德潜晚遇乾隆有时代的必然性。乾隆和沈德潜的赓歌唱和既涉及国家政治生活的各个方面,又具有个人的因素,这一无所不包的宏大叙述其实是盛世的点缀,它排斥负面抒写,坚持“治世之音”的正面意义。格调诗派在乾嘉时期影响很大,是维护政权的有利因素。沈德潜有良好的文学素养,也是清代优秀的诗文选家,他的历代诗选思想和艺术双重标准,对文学史的判断很有眼光,诗歌选本在清代影响很大。沈德潜的清诗选和“一柱楼诗案”违背了乾隆政治唯一的标准,导致了沈德潜的身后难堪的遭遇。
The style style Qianqian represented by Shen Deqian is a masterpiece of traditional Confucianism. Its appearance is not based on the actual performance of creation but the result of infiltration of power. Dissatisfaction with Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism, the spread of the science of reason and his love for poetry led Qianlong to change his predecessors’ practices of respecting Confucianism in cultural policy and praising history and poetry. Shen Deqian’s poetic theory has a strong preaching color, because poetics of Wen Zaodao and Qianlong’s cultural policy kiss, Shen Qian Qian Qianlong met the inevitability of the times. Qian Long and Shen Deqian’s singing and singing are both involved in all aspects of the country’s political life, but also with personal factors, this all-encompassing grand narrative is actually a flourishing embellishment, which reject negative expression, adhere to the The positive meaning. Style of poetry in the Qianlong period of great influence, is to maintain the favorable factors of the regime. Shen Deqian has a good literary accomplishment and is also a good poet and choler in the Qing Dynasty. His ideological and artistic double standards of poetry selection of all ages have a great perspective on the literary history. Poetry anthology has a great influence on the Qing Dynasty. Shen Deqian’s clear poems and “a column of poetry” contrary to the only standard of Qianlong politics, led to Shen Deqian embarrassing encounter behind.