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Graves病(GD)是一种器官特异性自身免疫性疾病,发病机制涉及体液免疫和细胞免疫,但具体机制仍未完全阐明。近年的研究热点集中在T细胞免疫表型、各亚群功能及NK细胞的免疫调节作用等方面,有些研究成果已应用于临床。CD4/CD8、Th1/Th2比例失衡可导致免疫紊乱;Th17细胞数量及分泌的细胞因子影响GD的发展,且与疾病严重程度相关;滤泡辅助性T细胞通过分泌IL-21,诱导B细胞增殖、分化,产生抗体;调节性T细胞数量和或功能改变,与GD发展的不同阶段相关;NK细胞杀伤及分泌活性减弱参与GD的发生、发展。以上免疫机制均与GD发病相关,本文将分别对T细胞亚群及NK细胞在GD中的作用进行综述。
Graves disease (GD) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease, the pathogenesis of humoral and cellular immunity, but the exact mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In recent years, the research focuses on the T cell immunophenotype, the function of each subpopulation and the immunomodulatory effects of NK cells. Some of the research results have been applied in clinic. CD4 / CD8, Th1 / Th2 ratio imbalance can lead to immune disorders; Th17 cell number and secretion of cytokines affect the development of GD, and with the severity of the disease; follicular helper T cells through the secretion of IL-21, induced B cell proliferation , Differentiation, produce antibodies; regulatory T cell number and or functional changes associated with the different stages of GD development; NK cell cytotoxicity and secretory activity involved in the occurrence and development of GD. The above immune mechanisms are associated with the pathogenesis of GD, this article will be T cell subsets and NK cells in the role of GD were reviewed.