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伤害是威胁儿童青少年健康的重要因素,儿童青少年个体的生理、心理及行为特征等对伤害的影响起着举足轻重的作用。性别、年龄、种族、生物因素和疾病造成儿童青少年个体的伤害发生率存在明显的差别,麻烦型气质特征、内外向性格、不稳定的情绪、危险行为特征、认知能力等与伤害紧密相关。既往伤害史、与同龄人相处困难、偏爱团体运动以及不适宜的运动方式等在伤害的发生中起着重要作用。对儿童青少年伤害的个体易患因素进行更为深入的前瞻性队列研究是当前儿童青少年伤害危险因素研究的重要方向,文章就上述因素进行综述。
Injury is an important factor that threatens the health of children and adolescents. The physical, psychological and behavioral characteristics of children and adolescents play an important role in the injury. There are significant differences in the incidence of injuries among children and adolescents due to gender, age, race, biological factors and diseases. The characteristics of troublesome temperament, introversion and extroversion, unstable emotions, dangerous behavior characteristics and cognitive abilities are closely related to injuries. Past injury history, difficulties with peers, preference groups and inappropriate exercise patterns play an important role in the injury. A more in-depth prospective cohort study of individual predisposing factors for childhood and adolescent injuries is an important direction for the current study of risk factors for childhood and adolescent injuries. The above-mentioned factors are reviewed.