美国内战不仅在政治和经济生活中具有重要历史意义 ,它在美国文学史上也是一个分水岭。内战带来了浪漫主义时期的结束和现实主义时期的形成。而且 ,它对美国南方文学的影响更是非同小可。因为内战是以南方的失败告终的 ,从此北方的工业化代替了南方的种植园主经济 ,工厂代替了农场 ,南方原来的贵族子孙变成了为生存而挣扎的普通人。人们开始对原来的价值观表示怀疑。尤其是南方人在经历了战败和经济复苏以及资本主义的盛行之后 ,表现出的精神沦丧和失落感使许多南方作家写出了大量作品 ,带来了现实主义和乡土文学的繁荣 The U.S. civil war not only has historical significance in the political and economic life, but it is also a watershed in the history of American literature. The civil war brought the end of the romantic period and the formation of the realist period. Moreover, its impact on American Southern literature is even more trivial. Because the civil war ended in the failure of the South, the industrialization of the north replaced the plantation master economy in the South, the factory replaced the farm, and the original noble descendants of the South turned into ordinary people struggling to survive. People began to doubt their original values. In particular, after witnessing the defeat, the economic recovery and the prevalence of capitalism, the southerners have caused many Chinese writers to write a large number of works, bringing the prosperity of realism and local literature