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为了研究发动机工作环境对发动机本体热负荷的影响,以某型发动机为对象,采用缸内燃烧与冷却系统传热耦合计算方法,建立了温度和大气压力对发动机本体部件热负荷数值仿真模型。通过发动机热平衡台架试验验证了模型最大误差为9.1%,实车试验验证模型最大误差为6.2%。计算表明:发动机出口冷却水温度随环境温度和海拔升高而升高;环境温度46℃时的缸内活塞最高温度比-43℃时升高了15.4%,汽缸套最高温度升高15.5%;海拔高度每升高1 km,活塞最高温度升高1.04%,汽缸套温度升高0.95%。
In order to study the influence of working environment of engine on thermal load of engine body, numerical simulation model of thermal load of engine body part with temperature and atmospheric pressure was established by using heat transfer coupling calculation method of a certain type of engine with in-cylinder combustion and cooling system. The maximum error of model was verified to be 9.1% by the engine heat balance bench test, and the maximum error of the actual vehicle test model was 6.2%. The calculation shows that the temperature of cooling water at engine exit increases with the increase of ambient temperature and altitude. The highest temperature of piston in cylinder at ambient temperature of 46 ℃ increases 15.4% and the maximum temperature of cylinder liner increases 15.5% at -43 ℃. For every 1 km above sea level, the maximum piston temperature rises 1.04% and the cylinder liner temperature increases 0.95%.