引言 粳稻和籼稻分属稻属的两个亚种,即粳亚种和籼亚种。两者在起源、分布、性状遗传及栽培特性等方面都存在较大差异。国际上对粳稻杂种优势利用的研究早于籼稻。但籼稻杂种优势利用研究首先在我国于1973年获得成功,并迅速在生产上大面积推广。到1984年,杂交水稻种植面积达到1 Introduction Japonica rice and indica rice are two subspecies of the genus Oryza, ie japonica subspecies and indica subspecies. Both have great differences in origin, distribution, inheritance of traits and cultivation characteristics. Internationally, the utilization of heterosis in japonica rice is earlier than indica rice. However, the utilization of heterosis in indica rice was first successful in our country in 1973 and was quickly popularized in production. By 1984, hybrid rice acreage reached 1