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以蔗糖为原料,氯磺酸为磺酸化试剂制备了碳基固体酸催化剂,研究了在大豆油与乙醇的酯交换制备生物柴油中的催化性能,考察了乙醇与大豆油的摩尔比、催化剂用量(在大豆油中的质量分数)、正庚烷在大豆油中的质量分数和反应时间的影响。用XRD、FT-IR、N2-吸附、元素分析、热分析和酸碱电位滴定,结果表明:碳基固体酸催化剂是由键联高密度-SO3H基团的芳香碳薄层组成的中孔无定形碳,且在大豆油与乙醇酯交换反应中具有较好的催化活性。在醇油摩尔比为6:1、催化剂占大豆油的的质量分数为5.0%、正庚烷占大豆油的的质量分数为30.0%和反应时间6.0h的条件下,生物柴油的产率可达98.33%。
The carbon-based solid acid catalyst was prepared by using sucrose as raw material and chlorosulfonic acid as sulfonation reagent. The catalytic performance of transesterification of soybean oil and ethanol in biodiesel was studied. The molar ratio of ethanol to soybean oil, the amount of catalyst (Mass fraction in soybean oil), mass fraction of n-heptane in soybean oil, and reaction time. The results of XRD, FT-IR, N2-adsorption, elemental analysis, thermal analysis and acid-base potentiometric titration showed that the carbon-based solid acid catalyst is a mesoporous material consisting of a thin layer of aromatic carbon bonding the high density -SO3H group It has good catalytic activity in the transesterification of soybean oil with ethanol. Under the condition of the molar ratio of alcohol to oil is 6: 1, the mass fraction of catalyst in soybean oil is 5.0%, the content of n-heptane in soybean oil is 30.0% and the reaction time is 6.0h, the yield of biodiesel can be Up to 98.33%.