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食管癌是人类常见的恶性肿瘤之一,我国食管癌发病率和病死率均居世界之首,每年约15万人死于此病,占全部恶性肿瘤死亡人数的1/4。近年来对食管癌的发病机制及其治疗研究虽有很大进展,但统计表明食管癌发病率和病死率仍属较高水平。现代肿瘤学理论认为,肿瘤形成除了与DNA核苷酸序列改变,即与经典的遗传机制相关外,表观遗传学(epigenetic)机制同等重要。两者结合可以更加全面的阐明食管的癌变机制,并可能开拓出新的肿瘤防治措
Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in humans. The incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer in China ranks first in the world. About 150,000 people die of the disease every year, accounting for one-fourth of all cancer deaths. Although there has been great progress in the pathogenesis and treatment of esophageal cancer in recent years, statistics show that the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer are still at a high level. The modern theory of oncology believes that epigenetic mechanisms are equally important in addition to changes in DNA nucleotide sequences, that is, to classical genetic mechanisms. The combination of the two can more fully elucidate the cancerous mechanism of the esophagus and may open up new cancer prevention measures.