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目的：为第三脑室区域临床影像学诊断和肿瘤的外科手术提供解剖学资料。方法：在１５具成人尸体头部的固定标本上，采用ＭＪ—３４６Ｂ型电动带锯每隔０．５ｃｍ作第三脑室横断、冠断和矢状断连续切片，观测了第三脑室的形态、大小、位置、毗邻关系和手术入路的径线值等。结果：第三脑室横径为１．９±２．７ｍｍ，上下径即穹窿体下缘中点至下丘脑沟中点间距为１４．１±２．７ｍｍ，前后径即室间孔至中脑水管上口间距为２３．９±２．７ｍｍ，其外侧壁的表面积为２７６～６７７ｍｍ２；松果体位于四叠体池内，长×宽×高约为７ｍｍ×７ｍｍ×３ｍｍ，略偏向左侧。结论：第三脑室前部入路优于后部入路，丘脑所占第三脑室侧壁面积大于下丘脑，下丘脑沟以上术中操作相对安全；第三脑室在三维断面上均能良好显示
Objective: To provide anatomical data for clinical imaging diagnosis and tumor surgery in the third ventricle area. Methods: On the fixed specimens of 15 adult cadavers, the third ventricle was transected, transected in the third and transected in the sagittal section every 0.5 cm with the MJ-346B electric band saw. The shape of the third ventricle was observed, Size, location, adjacent relationship and diameter of the surgical approach and so on. Results: The transverse dimension of the third ventricle was 1.9 ± 2.7mm. The distance between the midpoint of the lower edge of the vault and the midpoint of the hypothalamic canal was 14.1 ± 2.7mm. The anteroposterior diameter of the ventricle was middle ventricle The distance between the top of the water pipe is 23.9 ± 2.7mm, and the surface area of the outer side wall is 276 ~ 677mm2. The pineal gland is located in the quadruple pool, and the length × width × height is about 7mm × 7mm × 3mm, slightly to the left. Conclusions: The anterior approach of the third ventricle is superior to the posterior approach, the lateral ventricular wall of the third ventricle in the thalamus is larger than that of the hypothalamus, and the operation in the hypothalamic groove is relatively safe. The third ventricle can be well displayed on the three-dimensional cross-section