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月球背面能够有效屏蔽来自地球并同时遮挡来自太阳的射电信号干扰,拥有太阳系中近乎最安静的电磁环境,是开展空间超长波天文观测的最佳选择区域。在立足完成空间干涉实验的基本任务目标基础、并力争实现重大科学发现的研究思路基础上,研制并发射两颗微卫星,搭载“嫦娥4号”任务进入地月转移轨道,自主完成地月转移、近月制动,在有效燃料约束下形成环月大椭圆轨道编队,构建环月超长波天文干涉仪。说明了系统的工作模式,对数据处理与科学分析方法进行了论述,包括数据预处理、干涉成像与全天功率谱获取角度,进而从支持服务模块和科学载荷模型两个方面对微卫星方案进行了简要概述,凝练了项目任务解决的关键科学与技术问题。月球轨道编队超长波天文观测微卫星的实施将通过全球首个绕月近距编队飞行系统,构建全球首个星–星干涉射电天文观测系统,进而打开人类认识宇宙的新窗口。
The back of the moon effectively shields the radio signals from the sun while shielding the earth from interference and possesses the quietest electromagnetic environment in the solar system. It is the best choice for the development of space long-wave astronomical observations. Based on the basic task goal of completing space interference experiments and striving to realize the research ideas of major scientific discoveries, we developed and launched two microsatellites, carrying the “Chang’e 4” mission into the earth-moon transfer orbit, Month transfer, braking in recent months, the formation of a lunar elliptical orbit formation under the constraints of the effective fuel, the construction of the lunar month super-long-wave astronomy interferometer. The work mode of the system is described. The data processing and scientific analysis methods are discussed, including data preprocessing, interference imaging and power spectrum acquisition, and then the microsatellite solution is carried out from support service module and scientific load model A brief overview concludes the key scientific and technical issues addressed by the project mission. The implementation of the lunar orbit formation ultra-longwave astronomical observation microsatellite will open the world’s first satellite-to-satellite radio astronomy observation system through the world’s first orbit close formation flight system and will open a new window of human knowledge about the universe.