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为了探讨浙江主要港湾海域表层沉积物中典型污染物污染水平和潜在生态环境影响,采用单因子指数法和Hakanson生态风险指数法,对2015年8月浙江主要港湾沉积物中PCB、Hg、Cd、As、Pb、Cu、Cr和Zn进行分析。结果表明,综合污染程度由重到轻为:乐清湾(12.14)>温州湾(11.90)>台州湾(11.36)>三门湾(10.53)>象山港(9.90)>杭州湾(9.87),均属于中污染程度,各港湾的主要污染物为Cd和Cu;潜在生态风险由高到低为:杭州湾(157.04)>温州湾(154.86)>象山港(148.09)>三门湾(146.24)>台州湾(145.86)>乐清湾(145.56),典型污染物在杭州湾和温州湾为中潜在生态风险,其余均为低潜在生态风险。杭州湾、象山港、三门湾和温州湾海域沉积物的主要环境风险因子为Cd和Hg,乐清湾海域沉积物的主要环境风险因子为Cd和Cu,台州湾海域沉积物的主要环境风险因子为Cd和PCB。
In order to investigate the pollution level of typical pollutants and the potential ecological environment in the surface sediments of major seashores in Zhejiang Province, single factor index method and Hakanson ecological risk index method were used to study the effects of PCB, Hg, Cd, As, Pb, Cu, Cr and Zn. The results show that the comprehensive pollution degree is from light to light: Yueqing Bay (12.14)> Wenzhou Bay (11.90)> Taizhou Bay (11.36)> Sanmen Bay (10.53)> Xiangshan Port (9.90)> Hangzhou Bay Which belongs to the pollution degree. The major pollutants in all the harbors are Cd and Cu. The potential ecological risks are as follows: Hangzhou Bay (157.04)> Wenzhou Bay (154.86)> Xiangshan Harbor (148.09)> Sanmen Bay (146.24)> Taizhou Bay (145.86) and Yueqing Bay (145.56). Typical pollutants are potential ecological risks in Hangzhou Bay and Wenzhou Bay, and the rest are low potential ecological risks. The main environmental risk factors of sediments in Hangzhou Bay, Xiangshan Port, Sanmen Bay and Wenzhou Bay are Cd and Hg, the main environmental risk factors of sediments in Yueqing Bay are Cd and Cu, and the main environmental risk factors of sediments in Taizhou Bay For Cd and PCB.