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前言现代城市地面建筑林立,交通繁忙,公用设施众多。明挖施工已难开展,为减少或避免对城市生活的干扰,暗挖隧道的盾构法已逐步成为城市地下铁道;上、下水道;电力通讯;市政公用设施等的最佳施工方法。但在上海这样的松软含水地层中,用盾构法建造隧道时,仍将无一例外地产生或多或少的地面沉降,它由因地层损失而致的施工沉降、受扰动土层范围内超孔隙水压力消散引起的主固结沉降及由于土层骨架蠕变引起的次固结沉降所构成。大小不等的地面沉降,
Preface The modern city has a lot of ground constructions, heavy traffic and lots of public facilities. Excavation construction has been difficult to carry out, in order to reduce or avoid interference with urban life, shield tunneling method of tunneling has gradually become an urban subway; upper and lower sewers; power communications; municipal utilities and other construction methods. However, in the case of a soft aquifer such as Shanghai, the construction of tunnels by the shield method will still produce more or less ground subsidence due to the construction settlement caused by the loss of the strata. Within the scope of the disturbed soil layer Consolidation of settlement due to dissipation of excess pore water pressure and consolidation due to creep of the soil skeleton. Different sizes of land subsidence,