目的探讨奥曲肽对内镜逆行胰胆管造影（ＥＲＣＰ）术后高淀粉酶血症及胰腺炎的预防作用．方法行ＥＲＣＰ患者２７６例，随机分为两组：预防组１６７例，分别于术前３０ｍｉｎ及术后４ｈ内ｓｃ奥曲肽０１ｍｇ；对照组１０９例，ＥＲＣＰ术前后分别予生理盐水１ｍＬｓｃ．两组患者术前后均不用其他任何抑制胰腺分泌及预防胰腺炎药物．并分别于术前、术后２ｈ，２４ｈ作血清淀粉酶测定，同时观察胰腺炎的发生情况．结果预防组ＥＲＣＰ术后２ｈ，２４ｈ血淀粉酶（Ｕ／Ｌ）分别为２４６±２２４和２５２±２９１；明显低于对照组（４９９±５９７和４６６±５５９，Ｐ＜００１）；预防组发生胰腺炎７例（４２％），对照组发生９例（８３％，Ｐ＜００１）．结论小剂量奥曲肽能有效地预防ＥＲＣＰ术后的高淀粉酶血症及胰腺炎 Objective To investigate the preventive effect of octreotide on hypermylase and pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Methods 276 patients with ERCP were randomly divided into two groups: 167 in prevention group, sc octreotide 01mg in 30min before operation and 109h in control group, and 1mLsc normal saline before and after ERCP. Two groups of patients without any other preoperative and postoperative inhibition of pancreatic secretion and prevention of pancreatitis drugs. Serum amylase was measured before and 2h and 24h after operation, and the incidence of pancreatitis was also observed. Results The serum levels of amylase (U / L) at 2h and 24h after ERCP in the prevention group were 246 ± 224 and 252 ± 291, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group (499 ± 597 and 466 ± 559, P <001) Pancreatitis occurred in 7 cases (4.2%), control group occurred in 9 cases (8.3%, P <0  01). Conclusion Low dose of octreotide can effectively prevent hypermylase and pancreatitis after ERCP