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通过对ZL50G和ZL50E-1型装载机所采用的负荷传感液压转向系统的理论分析,在对有关参数进行实际计算和等效处理后,以转向稳定性较差的ZL50G型装载机为实际模型,利用MATLAB软件分别模拟实际高速、中速和低速转向工况,仿真分析了阀芯在3种阶跃输入下转向液压缸活塞输出位移的动态响应,定量地反映了转向稳定性差的程度大小:转向时活塞位移响应的最大峰值超过5mm,调整时间也超过5s。而同为5t的ZL50E-1型装载机,由于前后轴距分配不同,负载质量较小,在转向时达到稳定的最大调整时间短(小于0.5s),活塞的输出位移最大峰值也小(小于5mm),转向稳定性很好,说明由于转向负载质量减小,对转向稳定性的改善作用非常明显,位移响应的最大调整时间是关乎转向稳定性的最重要参数。说明了同吨位机型,由于前后轴距分配不同所造成的负载质量有较大差异,对转向稳定性有明显的影响,其值与实际测试相吻合,从而说明了理论分析和仿真的正确性,并可将转向缸活塞位移的响应作为评价转向稳定性的方法,对转向稳定性的设计和改善具有一定的指导意义。
Through the theoretical analysis of the load sensing hydraulic steering system adopted by ZL50G and ZL50E-1 loaders, after the relevant parameters are calculated and equivalently treated, the ZL50G loader with poor steering stability is taken as the actual model , The software of MATLAB was used to simulate the actual high speed, medium speed and low speed steering conditions respectively. The dynamic response of the output displacement of the steering cylinder to the hydraulic cylinder was simulated and analyzed by the three kinds of step inputs, which quantitatively reflected the degree of poor steering stability. Piston displacement steering response to the maximum peak more than 5mm, the adjustment time is also more than 5s. The same as the 5t ZL50E-1 loader, due to the different front and rear wheelbase distribution, load quality is small, the steering stability to achieve the maximum adjustment time is short (less than 0.5s), the piston peak displacement of the output is also small (less than 5mm). The steering stability is very good, indicating that the improvement of the steering stability is obvious due to the reduction of the steering load mass. The maximum adjustment time of the displacement response is the most important parameter related to the steering stability. It shows that there is a big difference in load quality caused by different front and rear wheelbase distribution and obvious influence on steering stability, which is consistent with the actual test, which shows the correctness of theoretical analysis and simulation , And the response of the displacement of the steering cylinder piston can be used as a method to evaluate the steering stability, which is of guiding significance to the design and improvement of the steering stability.