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海上保险中的保证制度起源于英国。它是海上保险法中一项特有的制度。该制度要求被保险人承诺在保险期间内对某种特定事项的作为或不作为,或肯定或否定某些事实情况的存在。随着科学技术的进步和国际航运事业发展,当代国际海上保险立法与司法呈现出更倾向于被保险人利益的特点,保证制度的发展也顺应了这一潮流。我国《海商法》对保证仅有一条原则性的规定,难以适应海上保险实务之需要。
The insurance system in marine insurance originated in the United Kingdom. It is a unique system of maritime insurance law. The system requires the insured person to commit a promise or omission to a particular matter during the insurance period or to confirm or deny the existence of certain facts. With the advancement of science and technology and the development of international shipping industry, the legislation and judicature of contemporary international maritime insurance present the characteristics that are more inclined to the interests of the insured and ensure that the development of the system accords with this trend. China’s “Maritime Law” has only one principle of guarantee for the guarantee, so it is difficult to meet the needs of marine insurance practice.