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目的:为了了解各种发育缺陷的发生几率及为今后胎儿发育缺陷的筛查提供必要信息。方法:通过对66例有先天性发育畸形胎儿进行病理解剖,分析了各种先天性畸形的发生情况。结果:在66例有先天性发育畸形胎儿中,心血管发育异常病例数量多,占全部发育异常的25.8%,占死胎总数的53.6%;其次是无脑儿,有15例。脑积水、脊椎裂和脑脊膜膨出等的发生构成例均在10%以上。腭裂、淋巴水肿、肾发育异常构成比例分别为7.6%。从发病系统上分析,48.5%的发育异常胎儿有神经管发育异常。另外,部分病例表现出多种发育缺陷。结论:虽然神经管发育异常是主要的胎儿发育缺陷,但是心血管发育缺陷是导致死胎、死产的重要原因。相当比例淋巴水肿和肾发育异常应当引起妇幼保健医师的注意。
Objective: In order to understand the incidence of various developmental defects and provide the necessary information for future screening of fetal developmental defects. Methods: The pathological anatomy of 66 cases of congenital malformation fetus were analyzed, and the incidence of various congenital malformations were analyzed. Results: In 66 cases of fetuses with congenital malformations, the number of abnormal cardiovascular development was large, accounting for 25.8% of all developmental abnormalities, accounting for 53.6% of the total number of stillbirths; followed by no brains and 15 cases. Hydrocephalus, hydrocephalus and meningocele, etc. constitute the occurrence of cases are more than 10%. Cleft palates, lymphedema, renal dysplasia constitute the proportion of 7.6%. From the pathogenesis analysis, 48.5% of dysplastic fetuses have neural tube dysplasia. In addition, some cases showed multiple developmental defects. CONCLUSIONS: Although neural tube dysplasia is the major fetal developmental defect, cardiovascular developmental defects are an important cause of stillbirth and stillbirth. A considerable proportion of lymphedema and renal dysplasia should cause the attention of MCH physicians.