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目的:观察饲料中添加ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸对PTSD-SPS大鼠空间学习记忆能力及海马神经元溶酶体损伤的保护作用。方法:将48只健康成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、PTSD-SPS模型组、30%ω-3PUFAs+PTSD-SPS模型组、60%ω-3PU-FAs+PTSD-SPS模型组。采用Morris水迷宫测试方法,观察大鼠定位航行实验中逃避潜伏期及空间探索实验中靶象限活动时间的百分比及穿台次数。电子显微镜观察大鼠海马神经元超微结构变化。结果:与对照组相比,SPS模型组大鼠逃避潜伏期延长,第5天达到(39.12±7.34)s(P<0.05);第6天大鼠靶象限内活动时间百分比明显缩短及穿台次数减少,分别是10.01%±3.03%及(1.05±0.13)次;与SPS模型组对比,喂饲60%ω-3PUFAs的SPS组大鼠逃避潜伏期为(19.13±4.26)s(P<0.05),靶象限内活动时间百分比及穿台次数为25.56%±2.13%、(2.36±0.34)次(P<0.05)。电镜结果显示,喂饲ω-3PUFAs的SPS模型组大鼠海马神经元中溶酶体数量比SPS组明显减少,与对照组没有显著差异。结论:ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸可能通过减少海马神经元溶酶体的数量对PTSD-SPS大鼠学习记忆损伤起到一定的防护作用。
Objective: To observe the protective effect of dietary supplementation of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on spatial learning and memory ability and hippocampal neuron lysosome damage in PTSD-SPS rats. Methods: Forty eight healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group, PTSD-SPS model group, 30% omega-3 PUFAs + PTSD-SPS model group and 60% omega-3 PUFAs + PTSD-SPS model group. Morris water maze test was used to observe the escape latency and the percentage of target time of quadrupole locomotion in space exploration experiments and the number of wearing traverses. Ultrastructural Changes of Hippocampal Neurons in Rats Observed with Electron Microscope. Results: Compared with the control group, the escape latency of rats in SPS model group was prolonged (39.12 ± 7.34 s) on the fifth day (P <0.05), and the percentage of active time in the target quadrant was significantly shortened (10.01% ± 3.03%) and (1.05 ± 0.13) times respectively. Compared with the SPS model group, the escape latency of SPS rats fed 60% omega-3 PUFAs was (19.13 ± 4.26) s (P <0.05) The percentage of active time and the number of punctures in target quadrant were 25.56% ± 2.13% and 2.36 ± 0.34, respectively (P <0.05). Electron microscopy showed that the number of lysosomes in the hippocampal neurons fed with ω-3PUFAs decreased significantly compared with the SPS group, which was not significantly different from the control group. CONCLUSION: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may play a protective role in reducing learning and memory impairment in PTSD-SPS rats by decreasing the amount of lysosomes in hippocampal neurons.