100多年来,在德国营造了许多云杉纯林,这些林分中的土壤酸度在不断提高。在这种林分中,给土壤施石灰,可以促进枯枝落叶层的加速分解,大大地降低土壤酸度,并能改善土壤的透水性和改变土壤的活地被物。在施用石灰一年之后,一些对土壤条件要求高的植物(狭叶柳叶菜、悬钩子等)就排挤对土壤条件要求不高的植物。在秋季,这些植物开始腐烂, For more than 100 years, many spruce pure forests have been created in Germany, and soil acidity in these stands is constantly rising. In this stand, applying lime to the soil can promote accelerated decomposition of the litter layer, greatly reduce soil acidity, improve soil water permeability, and change soil soils. After one year of application of lime, some plants that require high soil conditions (canopies of willow, raspberries, etc.) are crowded with plants that do not require much soil conditions. In the fall, these plants begin to decay,