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低渗透砂岩储层是我国陆相沉积盆地中一种重要的油气储集层类型,普遍发育的裂缝是低渗透砂岩储层的主要渗流通道,控制着低渗透砂岩油气藏的渗流系统,了解低渗透储层的裂缝并准确识别它成为储层研究的重点。按照裂缝形成的主控因素将低渗透砂岩储层的裂缝分为构造裂缝、层间裂缝和成岩裂缝三种主要类型。描述和预测低渗透砂岩储层裂缝的地质方法可以概括为直接观测地质识别法,地球物理探测方法和间接的数值模拟识别法三种方法。这三类方法在低渗透致密油气藏的勘探中都已被广泛的应用,并取得了较好的效果。
Low-permeability sandstone reservoirs are a type of oil and gas reservoirs in terrestrial sedimentary basins in China. The commonly developed fractures are the main seepage channels of low-permeability sandstone reservoirs and control the seepage system of low-permeability sandstone reservoirs, Infiltration of reservoir fractures and accurate identification of them have become the focus of reservoir research. According to the main controlling factors of fractures, the fractures of low permeability sandstone reservoirs are divided into three main types: structural fractures, interlaminar fractures and diagenetic fractures. Geological methods for describing and predicting fractures of low permeability sandstone reservoirs can be summarized as direct observation geologic identification method, geophysical exploration method and indirect numerical simulation identification method. These three methods have been widely used in the exploration of low permeability and tight reservoirs and achieved good results.