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目的了解上海市青少年的生殖健康相关知识、态度及行为现状。方法本研究于2013年5—9月,采用分层整群抽样法,选取上海市4个区8所普通高中、8所职业高中、8所初级中学和2所普通高校,共计4 942名学生接受自行设计的问卷调查。结果被调查者中男性2 456名,女性2 486名,平均年龄(16.84±1.53)岁。青少年生殖健康知识知晓率较低,尤其是妊娠和避孕知识,且存在明显的性别和阶段差异。青少年对性相关行为的态度较开放,对婚前性行为、未婚同居、未婚先孕、一夜情和多性伴的接受率分别为66.9%、62.7%、34.0%、28.1%和28.1%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,青少年对婚前性行为的接受态度与性别、教育阶段、安全套与性病知识及恋爱行为有关(P<0.05)。结论上海市青少年掌握的生殖健康知识较匮乏,对性相关行为的态度较开放。应重视青少年生殖健康知识教育及观念引导,帮助青少年构建系统、完整、全面的生殖健康知识技能体系。
Objective To understand the reproductive health related knowledge, attitude and behavior status of adolescents in Shanghai. Methods From May to September in 2013, stratified cluster sampling method was used in this study to select 8 general high schools, 8 vocational high schools, 8 junior high schools and 2 general colleges in 4 districts of Shanghai with a total of 4 942 students Accept self-designed questionnaires. Results There were 2 456 males and 2 486 females, with an average age of (16.84 ± 1.53) years. Adolescent reproductive health knowledge awareness is low, especially pregnancy and contraception knowledge, and there is a clear gender and stage differences. Adolescents’ attitudes toward sex-related behaviors were relatively open. The acceptance rates for premarital sex, unmarried cohabitation, unmarried pregnancies, one-night stand-offs and multiple sexual partners were 66.9%, 62.7%, 34.0%, 28.1% and 28.1% respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that adolescent acceptance of premarital sex was related to gender, educational stage, condom and STD knowledge and behavior (P <0.05). Conclusion Shanghai youth have less knowledge of reproductive health and more open attitudes towards sexual behaviors. Attention should be paid to adolescent reproductive health knowledge education and concept guidance to help young people build a systematic, complete and comprehensive reproductive health knowledge and skills system.