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随机选取东南沿海港口的17艘外来船舶(含8条集装箱船和9条散货船)作为监测对象,进行压舱水浮游植物及动物的物种鉴定和丰度测定,并对监测数据进行统计学分析。检出分属于7个浮游植物门类和5个动物门类的309种外来压舱水生物(包括60种赤潮生物)。外轮压舱水生物的分布及生存状态与水样的水龄和盐度相关。船舶压舱水排放是大家熟知的外来水生生物入侵的主要媒介。本调查结果表明,中国东南沿海外来散货船的压舱水排放所具的潜在生物入侵风险比集装箱船更应受关注。
Seventeen foreign ships (including 8 container ships and 9 bulk carriers) at southeast coastal ports were randomly selected as the monitoring objects for the species identification and abundance measurement of phytoplankton and animals in ballast water, and the statistical data of the monitoring data analysis. A total of 309 types of alluvial aquatic organisms (including 60 kinds of red tide organisms) belonging to 7 phytoplankton categories and 5 animal families were detected. The distribution and living conditions of aquatic ballast tanks are related to the water age and salinity. The discharge of ballast water from ships is the well-known medium of invasive alien aquatic organisms. The findings of the survey show that the potential biological invasion of ballast water from bulk carriers along the southeastern coast of China should be more concerned than container ships.