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由于肺泡内空气及胸腔骨骼的声阻,肺部疾病应用超声诊断技术受到很大限制。实时灰阶超声显像技术出现以来,技术不断进步,超声显象用于诊断肺部疾病已积累了一些经验。目前已不仅可用于诊断胸膜腔和胸壁疾病以及纵隔疾病,还能诊断靠近胸壁的肺部疾病,国内文献亦有不少报道。超声引导作肺内病变穿刺活检,则更有独特价值。特综述如下。 一、胸膜腔及胸壁疾病 1976年有报道用A超诊断116例胸腔积液病人,与X线比较发现率分别为93％及83％;确认无胸水者分别为89％及61％。对41例X线胸片发现的大片阴影再用A超,B超及M超复查,
Because of the air resistance in the alveoli and the acoustic impedance of the thoracic bones, the application of ultrasound diagnostic techniques to lung diseases is very limited. Since the emergence of real-time gray-scale ultrasound imaging technology, the technology has progressed continuously. Ultrasound imaging has accumulated some experience in diagnosing lung diseases. At present, it has not only been used for the diagnosis of pleural cavity and chest wall diseases and mediastinal diseases, but also for the diagnosis of lung diseases near the chest wall. There are also many reports in the domestic literature. Ultrasound guidance for lung lesion biopsy is even more unique. Special review is as follows. 1. Pleural cavity and chest wall diseases In 1976, 116 cases of pleural effusions were diagnosed with A ultrasound. Compared with X-ray, the rates were found to be 93% and 83% respectively; and those without pleural effusion were 89% and 61%, respectively. The shadows found on 41 X-rays were reviewed with A-, B-, and M-ultrasounds.