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马克思主义理论体系本身存在着两种内涵:一种是与空想社会主义相联系的对资本主义的否定和对社会主义的向往;另一种是建立在唯物史观基础上的对社会发展的客观规律和对社会主义革命前提条件的强调。在发展演变过程中,总的趋势是前一种内涵日益弱化,后一种内涵不断加强。由于种种原因,马克思主义在俄国走上了一条与在西方相反的道路,即唯物史观的内涵逐渐弱化而革命乌托邦主义倾向日益强化的道路。从经典马克思主义的角度看,中国不具备实行社会主义革命的客观条件。但在20世纪上半叶前的中国,一方面,资本主义因素与封建性因素结合在一起,表现出了空前的残酷性;另方面,救亡成为中华民族压倒一切的需要。无论是减轻民众的痛苦还是实现救亡,都必须用革命手段中断西方式的、资本主义的发展道路,俄国化的革命马克思主义正适合了中华民族的这种需要。随着中华民族独立目标的实现,俄国化的革命马克思主义就逐渐失去了功用,而发展内涵的、建设内涵的马克思主义自然被逐渐提到了首位。
There are two kinds of connotations in the theoretical system of Marxism itself: one is the negation of capitalism and the desire for socialism associated with utopian socialism; the other is the objective of social development based on the historical materialism Law and Emphasis on the Preconditions of Socialist Revolution. In the process of development and evolution, the general trend is that the former connotation is weakened increasingly and the latter connotation is continuously strengthened. Due to various reasons, Marxism embarked on a road opposite to that in the West in Russia, that is, the connotation of historical materialism was gradually weakened and the trend of revolutionary utopianism was increasingly strengthened. From the perspective of classical Marxism, China does not have the objective conditions for the implementation of the socialist revolution. However, before the first half of the 20th century, China, on the one hand, the combination of capitalism and feudalism showed unprecedented cruelty. On the other hand, saving and salvage became the overwhelming need of the Chinese nation. Whether it is alleviating the suffering of the people or realizing the salvation of the people, we must break the path of Western-style and capitalist development through revolutionary means. The revolutionary Marxism of Russia is adapting to this need of the Chinese nation. With the realization of the independent goal of the Chinese nation, the Russian revolutionary Marxism has gradually lost its function. The Marxist development with connotation and construction connotation has naturally been gradually mentioned in the first place.