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通过2个实验探讨了视觉表象的知识学习表征差异和技能训练表征差异对眼动的影响。实验1以没有三级跳远运动专业技能知识且对该运动的认知水平也较低的大学生为被试,结果表明,在完成高信息通达水平的表象任务时,注视点需要较短的持续时间,但眼跳距离会增大,眼跳频率会变低;实验2对表象任务的知识学习表征水平和技能训练表征水平进行操纵,分别以对实验任务进行过知识学习和专业技能训练的人为被试,结果表明,随着被试知识习得水平和技能水平表征能力的提高,不同表象任务信息通达水平间的眼动差异将消失,但技能训练型的被试其平均眼跳时间要短于知识学习型被试,注视点平均持续时间和平均眼跳距离则没有差异。实验结果说明源于视觉表象内在表征的差异会引起眼动的变化,表征的技能水平越高,眼动就越流畅,佐证了眼动对视觉表象功能性促进的观点。
Through two experiments, the impact of visual learning differences on knowledge learning representation and skill training representation on eye movement was discussed. In Experiment 1, college students who did not have the knowledge of triple jump professional skills and who had a low cognitive level of the sport were tested, and the results showed that the fixation point needs a short duration of time in completing the visual tasks of high information accessibility level , But the eye movement distance will increase and the frequency of eye movement will become lower. Experiment 2, the level of knowledge learning and representation of the task of the task and the skill level of the skill training are manipulated. The artificial task of knowledge-based learning and professional skills training The results show that with the improvement of the level of knowledge acquisition and the skill level representation, the difference of eye movement between different visual tasks will disappear, but the average eye movement time of skill training subjects is shorter than Knowledge-based subjects did not differ in average duration of fixation and average eye movement distance. The experimental results show that the differences in the intrinsic representation of visual appearance can lead to eye movements. The higher the skill level of representation, the smoother the eye movement, which corroborates the viewpoint that eye movement can functionally enhance the visual appearance.