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目的了解深圳市幼儿园儿童手部卫生依从性现状,探讨幼儿园儿童手部卫生行为影响因素。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,于2015年4月抽取深圳市南山区和宝安区共18家幼儿园72个班级2 461名儿童的4 449个洗手时刻,观察儿童手部卫生依从性,调查相关环境因素。结果观察4 449个儿童洗手时刻,儿童总体手部卫生依从性为29%;私立幼儿园依从性(48.7%)明显高于公立(30.4%)和流动人口幼儿园(12.9%);市级幼儿园(51.1%)明显高于省级(32.9%)、区级(17.7%)及无级别幼儿园(0.0);小班儿童依从性(38.7%)高于中班(31.8%)和大班(17.0%)。在不同手部卫生时刻中,儿童依从性最高的是吃饭前(52.9%),其次是户外活动(47.4%)、手明显脏时(21.8%)、上厕所后(19.8%),在准备食物前几乎无儿童规范洗手。多因素分析显示,洗手液分配器的数量(OR=1.176,95%CI=1.092~1.268)、教师对儿童的提醒(OR=13.616,95%CI=9.431~19.660)、儿童年龄(OR=5.064,95%CI=3.796~6.575)对儿童手部卫生依从性有显著影响。结论深圳市幼儿园儿童手部卫生依从性普遍不高,有必要针对影响显著的环境因素采取相应的干预措施,改善儿童手部卫生依从性。
Objective To understand the hand hygiene compliance status of children in kindergartens in Shenzhen and to explore the influencing factors of hand hygiene behavior in kindergarten children. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used. In April 2015, 4489 hand-washing times of 2 461 children from 72 classes in 18 kindergartens in Shenzhen Nanshan District and Bao’an District were collected to observe the compliance of children’s hand hygiene. Related environmental factors. Results 4 449 children were hand-washing at the moment, the overall hand hygiene compliance of children was 29%; the compliance of private kindergartens was significantly higher than that of public (30.4%) and floating population kindergartens (12.9%); and municipal kindergartens (51.1 %) Was significantly higher than provincial (32.9%), district (17.7%) and no-grade kindergarten (0.0); children in small classes (38.7%) were higher than those in middle class (31.8%) and big class (17.0%). Among different hand hygiene times, children had the highest compliance rates before eating (52.9%), followed by outdoor activities (47.4%), obviously dirty hands (21.8%) and after toilet (19.8%), while preparing food Wash hands before children almost no regulation. Multivariate analysis showed that the number of hand soap dispensers (OR = 1.176, 95% CI = 1.092-1.268), the teacher’s warning to children (OR = 13.616, 95% CI = 9.431-19.660) and children’s age , 95% CI = 3.796 ~ 6.575) had a significant impact on children’s hand hygiene compliance. Conclusion The hand hygiene compliance of children in kindergartens in Shenzhen is generally not high. It is necessary to take appropriate interventions to address the significant environmental factors to improve the hand hygiene compliance of children.