先天性心脏病,如心室间隔、心房间隔缺损、动脉导管未闭等,由于心内异常通道产生了异常分流,导致肺血流增加,形成充血,久而久之,使肺内毛细血管内膜增厚,内径减小,阻力增加,不仅影响肺内氧的交换,增加心脏负担,发生心悸、气急症状,而且极易因受凉或抵抗力下降引起顽固性、反复性感冒和肺炎,进一步增加心肺负担,肺动脉高压进一步发展。可出现心力衰竭、心 Congenital heart disease, such as ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, due to abnormal heart channel abnormal shunt, resulting in increased pulmonary blood flow, the formation of congestion, over time, the capillary thickening of the intima of the lungs, Reduced inner diameter and increased resistance not only affect the exchange of oxygen in the lungs, increase the burden on the heart, cause heart palpitations, shortness of breath and acute symptoms, but also easily cause stubborn, repeated cold and pneumonia due to cold or decreased resistance, further increase the cardiovascular and pulmonary burden High pressure to further develop. Can appear heart failure, heart