本文从情绪认知的基础研究和临床干预研究两个视角,介绍并归纳总结应用于抑郁症患者的情绪认知范式,包括情绪点探测范式、情绪Stroop范式、情绪负启动范式、情绪Go/No-Go范式和情绪Oddball范式等.抑郁症患者存在负性注意偏向和注意控制缺陷,但目前无高准确性和高敏感性的情绪认知范式,无法精确提取抑郁症患者的情绪认知的注意特点.情绪Oddball范式在探究抑郁症患者的情绪认知的注意特点具有较高的敏感性与准确性,但依旧存在改进之处.临床干预探究包括注意偏差矫正训练和抑制偏差矫正训练,可增强患者对负性信息的注意抑制能力、减少反刍症状,却无法减少抑郁症状,有待进一步探究.“,”This article introduces and summarizes the emotional cognitive paradigm applied to depression patients from the two perspectives of basic research and clinical intervention research on emotional cognition, including emotional point detection paradigm, emotional Stroop paradigm, emotional negative priming paradigm, emotional Go/No-Go paradigm and emotional Oddball paradigm, etc. Patients with depression have negative attentional bias and attention control deficits, but there is no high-accuracy and high-sensitivity emotional cognition paradigm, and it is impossible to accurately extract the attention characteristics of emotional cognition of depression patients. The emotional Oddball paradigm has high sensitivity and accuracy in exploring the attentional characteristics of emotional cognition in patients with depression, but there are still improvements. Clinical intervention exploration includes attention deviation correction training and suppression deviation correction training, which can enhance the patient\'\'s ability to suppress negative information and reduce rumination symptoms, but it cannot reduce depression symptoms. Further research is needed.