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目的：研究测定了红霉素、罗红霉素、阿齐霉素对两种常见致病菌金葡菌和粪肠球菌的抗生素后效应（ＰＡＥ）。方法：应用分光光度测定法，通过实验组、对照组吸光度的变化来确定ＰＡＥ。结果：３种大环内酯类抗生素各浓度组均呈现明显的ＰＡＥ，对金葡菌的ＰＡＥ要长于粪肠球菌。随着药物浓度的增加，ＰＡＥ明显延长。特别是罗红霉素、阿齐霉素对金葡菌，红霉素、阿齐霉素对粪肠球菌，其ＰＡＥ与药物浓度呈显著相关性（相关系数均大于０．９２）。在亚ＭＩＣ时，３种药物也都产生较长的ＰＡＥ。结论：３种抗菌药物对金葡菌与粪肠球菌可产生显著的ＰＡＥ效应，为新大环内酯类药物减少临床给药次数，延长给药间隔提供了药效学依据。
OBJECTIVE: To study the post-antibiotic effect (PAE) of erythromycin, roxithromycin and azithromycin on two common pathogens, S. aureus and E. faecalis. Methods: The PAE was determined by the change of absorbance of experimental group and control group by spectrophotometry. Results: The PAEs of all three macrolide antibiotics groups showed obvious PAE, while the PAE of S. aureus was longer than that of Enterococcus faecalis. As the drug concentration increased, PAE was significantly prolonged. In particular, roxithromycin, azithromycin, Staphylococcus aureus, erythromycin, azithromycin on Enterococcus faecalis, PAE and drug concentration was significantly correlated (correlation coefficient greater than 0.92). At sub MIC, all three drugs also produced longer PAEs. CONCLUSION: The three antibacterials can produce significant PAE effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis, and provide a pharmacodynamic basis for reducing the number of clinical administration and prolonging the interval of administration of new macrolides.