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飞行器飞行时会受到大气紊流的影响,降低飞行品质。阵风减缓控制是改善飞行器飞行性能的关键技术。现有的阵风响应分析多以离散阵风为研究对象,对更加真实描述大气紊流的连续型阵风时域分析关注较少。采用成形滤波器方法将频域形式给出的大气紊流信号转换为时域信号。在跨声速区域内,利用系统辨识技术,基于计算流体力学(CFD)方法建立阵风激励下的气动载荷状态空间降阶模型(ROM)。为方便控制器设计,借助平衡模态法进行模型的进一步降阶。使用模型预测控制(MPC)算法通过控制操纵面偏转实现阵风减缓主动控制。以AGARD445.6标模作为仿真算例,验证基于ROM设计的阵风减缓控制律的有效性。仿真结果表明,在跨声速飞行状态下,模型预测控制器能够在满足操纵面偏转范围的约束下,对连续阵风激励下的翼根弯矩输出进行有效抑制。
Aircraft flying will be affected by atmospheric turbulence, reducing flight quality. Gust mitigation control is a key technology to improve aircraft flight performance. The existing gust response analysis mostly takes discrete gust as the research object, and pay little attention to the continuous gust time-domain analysis that describes the atmospheric turbulence more truly. The forming filter method is used to transform the atmospheric turbulence signal given by the frequency domain into the time domain signal. In the transonic region, a reduced order model (ROM) of aerodynamic loads under gust excitation was established based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) using system identification techniques. In order to facilitate the design of the controller, the model is further reduced by using the balanced modal method. The model predictive control (MPC) algorithm is used to realize gust mitigation active control by controlling the control surface deflection. Taking AGARD445.6 standard as a simulation example, the effectiveness of gust mitigation control law based on ROM design is verified. The simulation results show that under the condition of transonic flight, the model predictive controller can effectively suppress the root bending moment output under the continuous gust excitation under the constraint of the deflection range of the control surface.