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目的:了解贵州普安4个主要民族人群ABO血型分布特征。方法:用玻片法检测418名彝族、337名布依族、6 334名汉族、246名黎族人群ABO血型,并与其他地区4个相应民族人群的ABO血型分布进行比较。结果:普安彝族、布依族、汉族、黎族人群ABO血型分布符合HardyWeinberg平衡定律。其中彝族、布依族、汉族人群ABO血型分布特征为O>A>B>AB,A、B、O的基因频率p、q、r分别为0.185 9、0.164 5和0.639 6;0.164 8、0.150 6和0.677 4;0.225 4、0.194 5和0.578 9(r>p>q)。黎族人群ABO血型分布特征为O>B>A>AB,A、B、O的基因频率p、q、r分别为0.171 2、0.201 1和0.650 2(r>q>p)。结论:普安彝族、布依族、汉族、和黎族都具有南方人群的高O型频率的血型分布特征;不同民族的ABO血型在不同地域的分布也不尽一致。
Objective: To understand the distribution characteristics of ABO blood group in 4 major ethnic groups in Pu’an, Guizhou Province. Methods: ABO blood group of 418 Yi, 337 Bouyei, 6 334 Han and 246 Li nationality were detected by slide method and compared with ABO blood group distribution of 4 corresponding ethnic groups in other areas. Results: The ABO blood group distribution in Pu’an Yi, Buyi, Han and Li ethnic groups conformed to the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium law. The distributions of ABO blood group in Yi, Buyi and Han nationality were O> A> B> AB, A, B and O, respectively. The frequencies of p, q and r were 0.185 9,0.164 5 and 0.639 6; 0.164 8,0.150 6 And 0.677 4; 0.225 4, 0.194 5 and 0.578 9 (r> p> q). The ABO blood group distribution characteristics of Li population were O> B> A> p, q, r of 0.171 2,0.201 1 and 0.650 2, respectively (r> q> p). Conclusion: The distributions of high O-type frequencies in the southern population of Pu Yi Yi, Buyi, Han nationality and Li nationality are different. The distribution of ABO blood group in different ethnic groups is also different in different regions.