目的:分析河北省儿童医院儿童呼吸道感染病原谱的流行病学特点。方法:选取2018年1-12月河北省儿童医院呼吸道感染患儿1 927例进行回顾性研究，标本为鼻拭子、痰液或支气管肺泡灌洗液。采用恒温扩增技术完成靶基因的扩增和检测。对检测结果进行统计学分析。结果:肺炎支原体检出率为21.1%(406/1 927)，肺炎链球菌检出率为13.1%(253/1 926)，耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌检出率为10.7%(206/1 927)。肺炎链球菌在>1～3岁年龄段、第二季度检出率最高。金黄色葡萄球菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌在0～1岁年龄段检出率最高。鲍曼不动杆菌在0～1岁、>8～14岁年龄段检出率较高。流感嗜血杆菌在>1～3岁年龄段、第二季度检出率最高。肺炎支原体在女性、>3～8岁年龄段、第四季度检出率最高。结论:检出率排名前三位的病原体依次是肺炎支原体、肺炎链球菌、耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌。在0～1岁病原体检出率较高，检出种类较多。病原体的检出率与性别、年龄和季节因素存在一定相关性。“,”Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the pathogen spectrum of children respiratory tract infection in Hebei Children′s Hospital.Methods:A total of 1 927 children with respiratory tract infection in Hebei Children′s Hospital from January 2018 to December 2018 were selected and retrospectively analyzed.The samples were nasal swabs, sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.The target genes were amplified and detected by thermostatic amplification technique.The results were statistically analyzed.Results:The detection rates of n Mycoplasma pneumonia, n Streptococcus pneumoniae and methicillin-resistant n Staphylococcus aureus were 21.1% (406/1 927), 13.1% (253/1 926) and 10.7% (206/1 927). The detection rate of n Streptococcus pneumoniae was higher in >1-3 years old patients and the second quarter.The detection rates of n Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant n Staphylococcus aureus, n Escherichia coli and n Klebsiella pneumoniae were higher in 0-1 years old patients.The detection rate of n Acinetobacter baumannii was higher in 0-1 years old and >8-14 years old patients.The detection rate of n Haemophilus influenzae was higher in >1-3 years old patients and the second quarter.The detection rate of n Mycoplasma pneumonia was higher in girls, >3-8 years old patients and the fourth quarter.n Conclusions:The top three pathogens on detection rate were n Mycoplasma pneumonia, n Streptococcus pneumoniae and methicillin-resistant n Staphylococcus aureus.The pathogen detection rate and species are more in 0-1 years old patients.The pathogen detection rate is correlated with sex, age and season.n