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针对低轨小卫星的编队构形重构,设计了一种新型的差分气动力控制方法。根据卫星在低轨道飞行时会受到较大气动力的特点,基于稀薄气体动力学理论,建立了卫星气动板的气动力模型。考虑了J2项摄动对卫星编队队形的影响,结合Schweighart和Sedwick提出的高精度J2项摄动方程,推导出了一组适用于差分气动力控制的非线性相对运动方程。卫星编队飞行时,通过切换六种不同的气动板配置方式可以产生稳定的差分气动升力或阻力,依次进行编队卫星轨道面内和轨道面外的路径规划,实现编队构型重构。仿真结果表明,与不考虑J2摄动影响的模型相比较,该方法具有更高的控制精度,可用于卫星编队飞行时的轨道机动控制。
A new type of differential aerodynamic control method is proposed for formation reconfiguration of low-orbit small satellites. According to the characteristics that the satellite will be more aerodynamic when flying in low orbit, the aerodynamic model of satellite aerodynamic plate is established based on the theory of lean gas dynamics. Considering the influence of J2 perturbation on satellite formation formation, a series of nonlinear equations of relative motion for differential aerodynamic forces control are deduced based on the high accuracy J2 perturbation equation proposed by Schweighart and Sedwick. When flying in satellite formations, stable differential aerodynamic lift or resistance can be generated by switching six different aerodynamic plate configurations, followed by path planning within and outside the orbital planes of the formation satellites to achieve formation reconfiguration. The simulation results show that the proposed method has higher control precision than the model without considering the influence of J2 perturbation and can be used for orbital maneuvering in satellite formation flight.