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火山突然无震断层滑动的首次观测夏威夷的Kilauea火山是世界上最活跃的火山之一。除了发生局部火山爆发危险外,像Kilauea这样的海洋火山还有可能引起灾难性的侧翼塌陷,从而导致破坏性海啸。现在,科学家在对Kilauea火山的应力变化迹象进行不间断的监测。本期《自然》杂志发表了关于一个独特的地质事件的观测结果,该事件便是在一个火山地带首次观测到的突然无震断层滑动。该事件持续时间为36小时,滑动速度达到每天6厘米,可能与侧翼塌陷的最初阶段具有某些相似的特征。所以,在有危险地区继续进行测地学观测记录也许至少可以对即将发生的火山侧翼塌陷做出某些预警。
First Observations of a Suddenly Earthquake-Free Fault-Sliding Volcano The Kilauea volcano in Hawaii is one of the most active volcanoes in the world. In addition to the risk of local volcanic eruptions, marine volcanoes such as Kilauea can also cause catastrophic flank collapse, leading to a devastating tsunami. Now scientists are constantly monitoring the signs of stress changes in the Kilauea volcano. This issue of Nature has published observations of a unique geological event that was the first sudden uncontaminated slip observed in a volcanic area. The event, which lasts for 36 hours and reaches a sliding speed of 6 centimeters per day, may have some similar characteristics to the initial stages of flank collapse. Therefore, the continuation of geodetic observations in potentially dangerous areas may at least give some warning of the upcoming volcanic flank collapse.