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以陕西关中平原中部耕作定位试验为研究对象,研究深松、旋耕、免耕和统耕作4种耕作方式在秸秆还田和不还田条件下对土壤颗粒有机碳和矿质结合态有机碳的影响。结果表明,相对于传统耕作,深松、旋耕和免耕处理都使土壤颗粒碳(POC)含量增加,但在秸秆还田下相应增加幅度更大,在0-10cm土层颗粒碳增加20.71%～69.25%,表现出深松>旋耕>免耕>传统耕作的顺序,而对其他10-20cm,20-30cm,30-40cm土层的颗粒碳影响较小。在同一种耕作模式下,秸秆还田的与无秸秆还田的相比,深松、旋耕、传统耕作使土壤POC增加了9.17%～26.61%,其中以传统耕作措施的提高幅度最大。在秸秆不还田条件下,各耕作处理矿质结合态有机碳的差异较小,但在秸秆还田条件下,旋耕促进了土壤矿质结合态有机碳(MOC)的增加,比对照(传统耕作)提高了22.98%。从土壤有机碳的角度考虑,深松和旋耕并结合秸秆还田是较适合于当地土壤条件的耕作模式。
Taking the farming experiment of middle part of Guanzhong plain in Shaanxi Province as the research object, the paper studied the effects of deep tillage, rotary tillage, no-tillage and tillage on soil organic carbon and mineral-bound organic carbon influences. The results showed that compared with the traditional tillage, subsoiling, rotary tillage and no-tillage increased soil particulate carbon (POC), but the corresponding increase was more under the condition of straw returning. In the 0-10 cm soil layer, the grain carbon increased by 20.71 % ~ 69.25%, showing the order of subsoiling> rotary cultivating> no-tillage> conventional tillage. However, the grain carbon of 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm and 30-40 cm soil layers had little effect. Under the same tillage mode, soil POC increased by 9.17% ~ 26.61% compared with straw-free and rotary-tillage, and the traditional tillage increased the most by conventional tillage. Under the conditions of straw returning to the field, the differences of mineral organic carbon in different types of tillage were less. However, under the condition of returning straw to soil, rotary tillage promoted the increase of soil organic matter (MOC). Compared with the control ) Increased by 22.98%. From the point of view of soil organic carbon, deep-plowing and rotary-tillage combined with returning straw to soil are more appropriate tillage modes for soil conditions.