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目的了解无偿献血者艾滋病知识态度行为现状,为在无偿献血人群中有针对性地开展健康教育提供科学依据。方法自行设计调查问卷,对18~55岁无偿献血者进行当面访谈。用EpiData 3.1软件双录入,SAS9.1.3软件包做统计分析。结果共调查800人,艾滋病基本知识知晓率为68.77%,传播途径回答正确率高,非传播途径较低;对蚊虫叮咬能否传播艾滋病的回答正确率仅51.47%,窗口期的正确认识率为34.58%。不同年龄(χ2=9.125 1,P=0.010 4)、文化程度(χ2=65.076 0,P<0.000 1)、职业(χ2=30.559 7,P<0.000 1)人群的知晓率存在明显差异。对于艾滋病病人的歧视态度仍存在,仅28.82%的献血者愿意与其共同进餐。获得艾滋病相关知识途径主要有电视(80%)、免费宣传资料(44%)等。52%的人认为对艾滋病的宣传力度足够。结论加强无偿献血者艾滋病相关知识宣传,不仅注意对三大传播途径的宣传,真正消除心理歧视,还应加大对非传播途径的宣传力度,加强窗口期宣传;重视不同人群的差异性,注意宣传的连续性和广泛性。
Objective To understand the status quo of knowledge, attitude, and behavior about AIDS in unpaid blood donors and to provide a scientific basis for carrying out health education in a targeted way in the blood donors. Methods The questionnaire was designed by ourselves, and interviews were conducted on unpaid blood donors aged 18-55 years. Double entry with EpiData 3.1 software, SAS9.1.3 software package for statistical analysis. Results A total of 800 people were surveyed, the awareness rate of basic knowledge of AIDS was 68.77%, the correct rate of transmission was high, and the non-transmission route was low. The accuracy rate of response to mosquito bites was only 51.47%, the correct rate of window period was 34.58%. There was a significant difference in the awareness rate among different age groups (χ2 = 9.125 1, P = 0.010 4), education level (χ2 = 65.076 0, P <0.000 1) and occupation (χ2 = 30.559 7, P <0.000 1) Discrimination against AIDS patients persists, with only 28.82% of donors willing to eat together. Access to AIDS-related knowledge mainly through television (80%), free promotional materials (44%) and so on. 52% of people think that AIDS awareness is sufficient. CONCLUSIONS To strengthen HIV / AIDS awareness among unrelated donors, we should not only pay attention to the publicity of the three major transmission routes but also eliminate psychological discrimination. We should also step up publicity efforts on non-transmission channels and strengthen publicity at the window stage. We should pay attention to the differences among different groups of people and pay attention to The continuity and breadth of advocacy.