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目的探讨N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体(NMDAR)在铝影响小鼠学习记忆中的作用。方法健康成年雄性无特定病原体级小鼠40只,随机分为对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组及高剂量组,每组10只。对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组及高剂量组分别取3μl生理氯化钠溶液,质量分数为0.25%、0.50%和1.00%氯化铝溶液注入侧脑室染毒,染毒结束后第12天跳台法测定小鼠学习记忆功能,逆转录-聚合酶链反应法检测NMDAR1基因表达,蛋白免疫印迹法测定NMDAR1和NMDAR2B蛋白的表达。结果中、高剂量组小鼠5 min内跳至铜栅受电击的次数分别为1.50(1.00,3.00)次,3.00(1.00,4.00)次,较对照组0.00(0.00,1.00)次增加(P<0.05);高剂量组小鼠24 h后5min内跳至铜栅受电击的次数为2.00(1.00,4.00)次,较对照组0.00(0.00,1.00)次增加(P<0.05),潜伏期为6.00(2.00,8.00)s较对照组300.00(9.50,300.00)s缩短(P<0.05);与对照组比较,中剂量组NMDAR1基因和蛋白表达水平均降低(P<0.05),高剂量组NMDAR1基因、NMDAR1、NMDAR2B蛋白表达水平均降低(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论铝引起小鼠学习记忆功能降低与NMDAR的表达降低有关。
Objective To investigate the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) in learning and memory of mice affected by aluminum. Methods Forty healthy male adult mice without specific pathogen were randomly divided into control group, low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group, with 10 in each group. Control group, low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group were taken 3μl physiological sodium chloride solution, 0.25%, 0.50% and 1.00% aluminum chloride solution into the lateral ventricle, after the end of the first 12 The day-skip method was used to detect the learning and memory function of mice. The expression of NMDAR1 gene was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the protein expressions of NMDAR1 and NMDAR2B were determined by Western blotting. Results The number of shocks to the copper grid within 5 min in the high-dose group was 1.50 (1.00, 3.00), 3.00 (1.00, 4.00), respectively, which was significantly higher than that in the control group <0.05). The number of high-dose mice jumping to copper grid within 5 minutes after 24 h was 2.00 (1.00, 4.00) times, which was 0.00 (0.00, 1.00) times higher than the control group (P <0.05) (P <0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression of NMDAR1 gene and protein in the middle dose group was lower (P <0.05), and the NMDAR1 The expression of NMDAR1 and NMDAR2B protein were decreased (P <0.05, P <0.01, P <0.05). Conclusion The decrease of learning and memory function induced by aluminum in mice is related to the decrease of NMDAR expression.