一、问题的提出。对学生学业成绩的考评是教学过程中重要的环节。它一方面受制于教学目标、教学内容,另一方面又反作用于教学内容、教学方法以及教学目标。由于诸种社会原因,考评成了教与学的“指挥棒”。因此,科学地设计考评内容、形式与方法,正确地发挥考评的导向作用,使之服 First, the question raised. Assessment of academic performance of students is an important part of the teaching process. On the one hand it is subject to the teaching objectives, teaching content, on the other hand, it reacts on the teaching content, teaching methods and teaching objectives. Due to various social reasons, the assessment became the “baton” of teaching and learning. Therefore, it is necessary to design scientifically the contents, forms and methods of appraisal, properly exert the guiding role of appraisal,