本文模拟开采地下水引起的地面变形机制，建立了一个分析开采地下水引起的地面变形的有限元方法。这个方法可以考虑由于开采地下水引起的土自重的变化，土承受的渗透力的变化，以及承压含水层中水压力及渗透力的变化。在分析中还考虑了土的非均质性及力学非线性性能。分析了一个算例以说明这个分析方法的功能及其适用性。分析结果表明，开采地下水引起的沉降和径向变形对工程的影响是同样重要的，它们在数值上具有相同的数量级；而且，沉降主要是由土自重的变化引起的，径向变形主要是由渗透力的径向分量的变化引起的。此外，这个分析方法可以把开采地下水做为一个过程，分阶段地分析所引起的地面变形 This paper simulates ground deformation caused by groundwater exploitation and establishes a finite element method to analyze ground deformation induced by groundwater exploitation. This method allows for consideration of changes in soil self weight due to exploitation of groundwater, variations in the permeability of soils, and changes in water pressure and infiltration in confined aquifers. In the analysis, the soil heterogeneity and mechanical nonlinearity are also considered. An example is analyzed to illustrate the function and applicability of this analytical method. The analysis results show that the effects of settlement and radial deformation caused by exploitation of groundwater are just as important as those of numerical value, and the settlement is mainly caused by the change of soil self-weight. The radial deformation is mainly caused by Changes in the radial component of penetration. In addition, this method of analysis allows the exploitation of groundwater as a process to analyze in a stepwise manner the resulting deformation of the ground