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为筛选负压灌溉条件下烤烟适宜的土壤水势,于2012年在山东诸城市利用负压灌溉装置设置了3个不同的土壤水势,在田间原位盆栽条件下考察了土壤水势对烤烟生长、耗水特征、干物质积累与分配、水分利用效率(WUE)的影响。结果表明,在负压灌溉条件下,土壤水势维持在-20~-10 k Pa范围内,能使烤烟植物学性状生长优良;烟株耗水量、耗水强度、干物质积累总量(DAM)及叶干重比例均随土壤水势增大而增加,但各生育期的耗水模数与灌溉方式无关;WUE随土壤水势降低而增大,在同一土壤水势条件下随生育期推移而增加。从潜在产量和水资源高效利用等角度综合分析,提出基于负压灌溉下不同生育期应采用不同土壤水势值进行供水,具体为伸根期适宜的土壤水势范围为-30~-20 k Pa,旺长期约为-10 k Pa,成熟期约为-20 k Pa。
In order to screen the suitable soil water potential of flue-cured tobacco under the condition of negative pressure irrigation, three different soil water potentials were set up in Zhucheng, Shandong Province by using negative pressure irrigation devices in 2012. The effects of soil water potential on flue-cured tobacco growth, Water characteristics, dry matter accumulation and distribution, water use efficiency (WUE). The results showed that under the condition of negative pressure irrigation, the soil water potential was maintained in the range of -20 ~ -10 kPa and the plant traits of flue-cured tobacco could grow well. The water consumption, water consumption intensity, total dry matter accumulation (DAM) And leaf dry weight ratio both increased with the increase of soil water potential. However, the water consumption modulus of each growth period had nothing to do with the irrigation mode; WUE increased with the decrease of soil water potential and increased with the growth period under the same soil water potential. Based on the comprehensive analysis of potential yield and efficient utilization of water resources, it is proposed that different soil water potential values should be used for water supply at different growth stages under negative pressure irrigation. The suitable soil water potential ranges from -30 to -20 kPa, Mongolian long-term is about -10 kPa, maturity is about -20 kPa.