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土壤可蚀性是一个相对概念,在时间、空间等方面呈现异质性特征,选取蒙阴县和沂水县为研究区域,采用EPIC模型中K值计算方法,以地统计学原理为指导,基于Arc GIS地统计模块,探讨了沂蒙山区典型县土壤可蚀性空间分布特征,为区域土壤侵蚀评价提供数据支撑。结果表明:(1)研究区土壤可蚀性K值变化范围为0.1057~0.3776,属中等变异,以中低可蚀性土壤分布最广;在分布最广的粗骨土土类中,石灰岩钙质粗骨土K值最大,为中高可蚀性土壤,存在较大的侵蚀危险性。(2)蒙阴县西北部区域为低可蚀性土壤,中部和东南部为中可蚀性及以上土壤;沂水县土壤主要为中低可蚀性,而南部、西北及东北部存在中高及高可蚀性土壤;两县相接区域土壤为中可蚀性及以上土壤。(3)同一土类而不同土地利用呈现异质性特征,不同土地利用K值大小依次为园地>耕地>林地>草地。(4)随着海拔高度增大,土壤可蚀性K值呈逐渐减小趋势。
Soil erodibility is a relative concept, showing heterogeneity in terms of time and space. Taking Mengyin County and Yishui County as study areas, adopting K value calculation method in EPIC model and taking geostatistics as guidance, Based on ArcGIS statistical module, the spatial distribution of soil erodibility in typical counties of Yimeng Mountain was discussed, which provided data support for the evaluation of regional soil erosion. The results showed as follows: (1) The K value of soil erodibility varied from 0.1057 to 0.3776 in the study area, belonging to the medium variation with the lowest and most erodable soil being the most widely distributed. Among the most widely distributed coarse- The K value of the coarse-grained soil is the highest, and it is the medium-high erodable soil, so there is a big risk of erosion. (2) The northwest area of Mengyin County is low erodibility soil, the middle part and the southeast part are middle erodible soil and above; the soil of Yishui County is mainly low and medium erodibility, while the middle, high and low erodibility exist in the south, northwest and northeast And highly erodable soil; the soil in the connecting area of two counties is medium erodable and above soil. (3) Heterogeneity of land use in the same soil and different land use showed that the K values of different land use were orderly land> arable land> woodland> grassland. (4) As the altitude increases, the K value of soil erodibility decreases gradually.