一、问题的提出有关研究指出：二十一世纪社会需要的人才应当具备五种意识和能力：合作精神、竞争意识、责任感、自主发展、创新能力。五种意识和能力集中体现了新型人才对社会的“主观能动性”，即主体性。可是我国的教育长期以来对学生的学习与发展，强调社会制约的一面，抹 I. Issues Relevant Research shows that: The talents needed by the society in the 21st century should have five kinds of awareness and abilities: cooperation spirit, sense of competition, sense of responsibility, self-development and innovation ability. The five kinds of consciousness and ability embody the “subjective initiative” of new talents to society, namely subjectivity. However, our country’s education has long been a student’s learning and development, emphasizing the social constraints, wiping