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温度敏感性材料由于其理化性质对温度变化高度敏感,同时相变温度又易于调控,因而成为条件响应型药物控释载体中的研究热点。多种类型的温敏性药物载体,包括脂质体、聚合物囊泡、聚合物胶束,经过多年的研究和优化,其稳定性得到进一步的提高,而相变温度也实现了在较宽范围内的随意调整,可同时适用于病理性的高热和局部人工热疗等多种方式的温敏靶向性释药。并且,由于局部热疗可以有效控制温敏载体的药物释放,同时,热疗还能有效增强化疗药物的细胞毒性,因此温敏药物载体在肿瘤化疗和热化疗领域具有独特的应用潜力。本综述简要回顾了温敏性载体在药物载体领域的研究现状。在此基础上,从对肿瘤热化疗原理、发展现状、疗效影响因素的角度,进一步综述了温敏性药物载体在肿瘤热化疗领域的研究进展,特别关注了复合型温敏载体,因为这类载体结合了具有光热/磁热效应的纳米颗粒而兼具自升温能力,因而在靶向性热化疗中独具优势。最后,本文结合热化疗的影响因素,对温敏性载体在肿瘤热化疗领域的发展方向进行了展望。
Because of its physical and chemical properties, the temperature-sensitive material is highly sensitive to temperature changes, and the phase transition temperature is easy to control. Therefore, the temperature-sensitive material becomes a research hotspot in the controlled-release drug delivery. Many kinds of thermo-sensitive drug carriers, including liposomes, polymer vesicles and polymer micelles, have been further improved after years of research and optimization, and the phase transition temperature has also been achieved in a wide range Within the scope of the arbitrarily adjusted, can be applied to both pathological hyperthermia and local artificial hyperthermia and other means of temperature-sensitive targeted release. Moreover, since local hyperthermia can effectively control the drug release from the thermosensitive carrier, hyperthermia can effectively enhance the cytotoxicity of the chemotherapeutic drug, and therefore, the thermosensitive drug carrier has unique application potential in the field of chemotherapy and thermotherapy of tumors. This review briefly reviews the status of thermo-sensitive carriers in the field of drug delivery. On the basis of this, we further review the research progress of thermosensitive drug carriers in the field of tumor thermochemotherapy, especially from the point of view of the principle of thermochemotherapy, the current situation of development and the influencing factors of the therapeutic effect, with special attention paid to the composite thermosensitive carriers. The carrier combines nanoparticles with photothermal / magnetocaloric effects for self-warming and therefore has unique advantages in targeted thermochemotherapy. Finally, combined with the influencing factors of thermochemotherapy, this article makes a prospect of the development of thermosensitive carriers in the field of tumor thermochemotherapy.