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目的通过回顾性分析,了解怀柔区15年来出生缺陷发生情况,为今后出生缺陷监测,减少出生缺陷的发生提供科学的依据。方法以监测医院为基础,按照“全国出生缺陷监测中心”制定的“主要先天畸形诊断标准]”及《北京市出生缺陷监测工作规范》,对1996年10月1日~2011年9月30日孕满28w至产后7d的围产儿及1996年10月1日~2011年9月30日小于28w引产的出生缺陷儿进行出生缺陷及相关因素的监测。结果 1997年~2011年,出生缺陷总发生率为14.49‰,1997年至2003年出生缺陷发生率呈下降趋势,自2004开始,出生缺陷发生率逐年呈上升趋势。1997年~2011年,唇腭裂、指趾四肢畸形、神经管畸形、多发畸形先天性心脏病、副耳畸形一直排在出生缺陷顺位的前列,自2006年以后,先天性心脏病一直居出生缺陷顺位的第一位。本地农村人口总的发生率明显高于本地城镇人口的出生缺陷发生率。非户籍人口总的发生率高于本市总的发生率。产前诊断呈上升趋势。结论产前筛查与产前诊断服务能力及水平的提高,对出生缺陷的预防起到了重要作用。在今后的工作中,还应对外来人口加强开展广泛的优生知识的宣教,做好孕前、孕早期及孕中期的宣教工作,促进婚检工作及推广孕前保健服务是我们面临的重要抉择,全面落实出生缺陷一级预防措施,以降低怀柔区出生缺陷发生率。
Objective To retrospectively analyze the incidence of birth defects in Huairou district in the past 15 years and provide a scientific basis for future monitoring of birth defects and to reduce birth defects. Methods Based on the monitoring hospital, according to “National Birth Defects Monitoring Center ” developed “main congenital malformations diagnostic criteria ” and “Beijing Birth Defects Monitoring Code ”, on October 1, 1996 ~ 2011 September 30 pregnancy 28w to 7d postpartum perinatal children and October 1, 1996 ~ September 30, 2011 less than 28w induced abortion of birth defects in children with birth defects and related factors monitoring. Results From 1997 to 2011, the total incidence of birth defects was 14.49 ‰. The incidence of birth defects showed a downward trend from 1997 to 2003. Since 2004, the incidence of birth defects has been on an upward trend. 1997 ~ 2011, cleft lip and palate, finger toe limb deformities, neural tube defects, multiple deformity congenital heart disease, deputy ear deformity has been ranked in the forefront of birth defects, since 2006, congenital heart disease has been born Defect of the first place. The overall incidence of local rural population is significantly higher than the incidence of birth defects in the local urban population. The overall incidence of non-registered population is higher than the overall incidence of the city. Prenatal diagnosis is on the rise. Conclusion Prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis service ability and level of improvement, prevention of birth defects played an important role. In the future work, we should also carry out a wide range of prenatal and postgraduate education on eugenics, and do a good job of pre-pregnancy, early pregnancy and mid-pregnancy publicity, promote premarital examination and promote pre-pregnancy health care services. It is an important decision we face to fully implement the birth Defect a preventive measure to reduce the incidence of birth defects in Huairou District.