（一）从溯源的意义上说，上海是个移民城市，开埠使得大量的外地人涌入并占据了上海的中心区域，真正的本地人反而边缘化了。从城内近代化的进程看，人口作为生产、消费的载体；作为精神聚合的文化群落，他的流动不仅是简单的人口转移，而且是社会生产（包括精神产品的生产） 1. From a sense of origin, Shanghai is an immigrant city. With the opening of ports, a large number of foreigners poured into and occupied the central area of ​​Shanghai. Instead, the real locals became marginalized. From the perspective of the modernization in the city, the population serves as a carrier for production and consumption. As a spiritual and cultural community, his mobility is not only a simple transfer of population but also a social production (including the production of spiritual products)