受长期的计划经济体制的影响,中国的单项运动协会没有完全突破大一统的体育管理模式的束缚,其自身的独立性和社会参与程度离实体化的改革目标还有相当的差距。利用制度变迁的路径依赖理论能够解释制约其变革的深层根源。作为一种制度安排,单项运动协会的改革受到政府职能、社会组织和市场因素等路径依赖的制约,必须从这三方面入手,引入多种社会力量,并借助政府和市场等外生变量,才能推进改革。 Affected by the long-term planned economy, China’s individual sports associations did not completely break the unification of the sports management model. Their own independence and social participation ranged from a substantial gap between the objective of the reform and the reform. The use of institutional change path dependence theory can explain the underlying causes of its change. As a kind of institutional arrangement, the reform of individual sports associations is restricted by the path dependence of government functions, social organizations and market factors. It is necessary to start from these three aspects, introduce various social forces and make use of exogenous variables such as government and market Promote reform.